(3) The legislation of packaging waste recycling in China needs to be strengthened and improved
From the 1980s to the present, various departments such as scientific research, production, transportation, storage, circulation and use of environmental protection, labor, foreign trade, commodity inspection, insurance, and packaging materials and containers have been working on the disposal and utilization of packaging waste, but There are still no laws and regulations for the disposal of packaging waste that are suitable for China's national conditions. In addition, the legislation on the recycling and disposal of packaging waste is relatively weak. The "Law of the People's Republic of China on the Prevention and Control of Solid Waste Pollution," which is involved in the existing laws, stipulates that producers of products should adopt easy recycling, treatment, disposal or environmental protection. The easy-to-use product packaging is required to be recycled, recycled, and utilized according to national regulations. However, there are at least two problems in the implementation of the law: (1) The law does not specify specific standards for “easy-to-recycle, disposal, or environmentally acceptable product packaging†nor does it explicitly specify which “National regulations†for recycling, recycling, and utilization; (2) From the objective environment, the conditions under which the provisions of the Law are implemented are not yet met, and how the packaging waste is recovered, how it is stored, and how the corresponding supporting institutions and facilities are handled It is not perfect. Therefore, the implementation of the "Prevention and Control Law" will be difficult for a long time to come.
(4) National environmental protection agencies are mainly composed of environmental protection departments at all levels and urban environmental health systems.
Environmental protection “standing in the wall†is mainly responsible for the production enterprises, that is, the comprehensive treatment of pollution sources, the development of non-polluting processes and technologies, and the “outside the wall†of environmental sanitation, which is responsible for the removal and transportation of garbage from residents' lives, shopping malls, and hospitals. Therefore, there is no organic connection and coordination between environmental protection and sanitation departments. The research results of the environmental sanitation department in recent years have shown that the sanitation system puts forward many new insights into the product structure that forms waste, but due to the management scope and functions, it will ultimately have no influence on the decision-making of the enterprise production. Therefore, it is necessary to break through the ownership of the country, adjust institutional settings, and strengthen communication and cooperation among environmental monitoring, research and development, transportation, and other agencies.
Third, strengthen the management of packaging waste in China and establish a recycling system
1, packaging waste recycling system model
Reasonable treatment of packaging waste is an important measure to reduce its environmental pollution and save resources. This makes the “package life cycle†include not only the four aspects of design, manufacture, circulation, and consumption of packaging, but also the disposal of packaging waste. The following is a schematic diagram of the production, reuse and disposal of packaging waste:
From the above, it can be seen that the rational disposal of waste should start with the following three aspects:
(1) Reasonable handling of packaging waste in packaging production and distribution: 1 When designing and manufacturing packaging, it is necessary to make packaging containers as repeatable as possible so that the packaging becomes waste and valuable, easy to recycle, and will not be generated at the processing stage. Hazardous substances; 2 To prevent the use of over-contained packaging; 3 To establish a system of provincial resources, energy-efficient packaging and production and distribution, requiring that waste generated by the enterprise be reused by enterprises after recycling, strictly Control the final discharge of waste.
(2) In the consumption of goods, the rational disposal of packaging waste: the need to enhance environmental awareness, change the concept of value, use reasonable packaging to save resources, and require consumers to actively support the reuse of packaging waste after discharge, such as Reusable packaging waste should be included in the waste recycling system and no longer be discarded as urban waste.
(3) Remediation of packaging waste after discharge: 1 It is required to establish a reasonable collection system that can be accepted by the public and meet local re-use conditions. 2 It requires effective collection and handling to maintain environmental sanitation, and strives to save the transportation process. Energy consumption; 3 recycling of reusable and reusable waste packaging, incineration and landfill packaging that cannot be reused and recycled; 4 prevention of secondary pollution as much as possible during incineration, and promotion of reuse of waste ;5 For waste that must eventually be landfilled, its quantity and volume should be minimized and rendered harmless, and the environment around the site should be protected.
Therefore, the management approach to packaging waste is to minimize waste first; followed by pre-treatment of packaging waste before discharge; and finally, after disposal of packaging waste, which can greatly reduce the environmental pollution of packaging waste. .
(to be continued)