The timing is in the winter, and for many amateurs who love outdoor activities, the low temperature in winter makes people want to hide in their warm bedridden, or watch TV and play mobile phones. But in fact, winter is a season worthy of going out!

In the winter weather, there is no thunderstorm in summer; the mountain view is good, and unlike the summer afternoon, it is misty; cold temperatures also bring mountain plants to make-up show, dressing up a variety of nature. vivid colors.

If the low pressure or cold currents strikes, and if enough humidity or rain is applied, the mountains may be covered with white snow on the mountain overnight, and they will formally put on their winter makeup. At this moment, the mountains will have its own independent beauty. Fenghua is absolutely perfect, so winter is a good time for ALICE to grasp. However, there are many crises such as frostbite and temperature loss hidden in the beautiful scenery of ice and snow, so you must be familiar with maintaining body temperature and keeping warm skills. In winter, outdoor clothing is generally used by outdoor players as "perspiration layer," "warm layer," and "wind and rain protection layer."

The history of outdoor equipment, the selection of warm clothing, from the early sweaters, sweaters, down jackets, and then to the fleece fabrics, coupled with the recent expansion of artificial microfiber fillers, has shown diversity For people engaged in outdoor activities, how do you choose the most suitable method for your activity in the exquisitely warm layer of clothing?

The source of cold feeling - cold, high, wet

Wetness is also one of the factors causing cold, especially in the winter and late afternoon in the mountains.

Changes in the temperature of the human external atmosphere mainly depend on skin sensation. When in a windless environment, the air on the surface of the skin is heated by the body temperature, forming a gas layer close to body temperature, so the actual temperature of the atmosphere is not directly felt. However, when the air flows to form a wind, the air layer formed around the body is blown away, and the skin will directly contact the ambient temperature, and the heat source must be continuously generated to maintain the temperature of the body surface.

When the wind continues to blow, it will cause the skin temperature to drop rapidly and produce a very cold feeling. This is the so-called "wind-chill effect." The long-term effects of wind and cold will cause the body's temperature to drop rapidly, creating the risk of loss of temperature and frostbite. For example, at a temperature of five degrees Celsius, when the wind speed reaches 30 km/h, human skin will feel like it is in an environment of 0 degrees Celsius.

In addition to the cold effect, another factor that makes people feel cold is that the temperature gradually decreases as altitude increases. According to statistics, for every 100 meters above sea level, the temperature drops by an average of 0.6 degrees Celsius, so when the temperature at the surface is 15 degrees, if the altitude is 3 kilometers, the temperature will drop to nearly minus 5 degrees.

In addition, humidity can also affect the body temperature. Wet clothing touches the surface of the skin, so that the temperature of the body surface is constantly carried away by the moisture. The body must consume more heat and evaporate moisture into moisture. The absorbed heat will cause more heat loss in the body.

In the city, riding an electric car is the most direct chance to experience the cold effect. With the increase of wind speed, the temperature of body temperature will decrease.

With each elevation of 100 meters, the temperature drops by an average of 0.6 degrees Celsius. In addition, latitude is also one of the factors affecting the temperature.

Loss of temperature and insulation principle

Failure to maintain body temperature will result in a series of physiological reactions, such as first feeling an extreme cold, pale limbs and cold limbs of the peripheral nerves, and violent and uncontrollable trembling (known as chills); and then begin to ambiguous and react. It is dull, gradually slows down, loses consciousness, and the body temperature cannot be maintained at a constant temperature, and gradually decreases to below 35 degrees. Then there will be frostbite, temperature loss, etc. This is a typical "hypothermia disease" (Hypothermia).

Based on the above-mentioned causes of cold and hypothermia in the human body, the most important issues in heat preservation can be summarized.

Prepare a thermos or kettle, put it in hot water, and wrap it in a towel. After the evening in the mountains, make a homemade warm pack or a warmer.

1. Find a place to avoid shelter: According to the principle of cold effect, to maintain the body temperature, the most important thing is to choose a place to shelter and camp shelter.

2. Wear windproof clothing: Windproof clothing can withstand strong winds, isolate strong winds from clothing, avoid direct skin contact with cold wind, and can also help the skin surface to form a heat insulation layer.

3. Avoid wearing wet clothing: Moist clothing not only makes the body feel cold but also consumes a lot of body heat when the water evaporates. In wet clothes, there is no danger of losing temperature immediately due to the constant heat generated by the movement. However, after reaching the camp, in the state of exhaustion, we must immediately change the wet clothes to avoid losing temperature. Some people wear wet clothing into their sleeping bags, and they want to dry their clothes with body temperature, which tends to be self-defeating and put themselves in a crisis of deprivation.

4. Adding hot food to increase body heat Source: In addition to avoiding the loss of body heat, warm winter insulation is also important to supplement calories. You can use hot soup, hot drinks or food to add heat. You can also use a hot water bottle or hot water bottle to warm the skin directly from outside and avoid frostbite.

5. Select the appropriate insulation layer: insulation layer according to the thickness and material, can achieve different insulation effect, mountain activities, according to the temperature of the activity site, select the appropriate insulation layer.

6. Appropriate activities to generate heat: After arriving at the camp, it is easy to stop the activity and cause the body temperature to drop rapidly, causing a feeling of cold. It can be moderately active before going to sleep to promote blood circulation, so that limbs feel warm, and conducive to the formation of thermal protection layer around the body surface.

After arriving at the camp, damp clothing should be replaced immediately to avoid losing temperature. In addition, the wearing of windproof clothing can also reduce the body heat taken away by the cold effect and heat evapotranspiration.

Insulation layer according to the thickness and material, can achieve different insulation effect, according to the temperature of the venue, select the appropriate thermal layer.

It is also important to add calories. You can use hot soup, hot drinks or food to add heat. You can also use a hot water bottle or hot water bottle to warm the skin directly from outside and avoid frostbite.

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