[Abstract] The paper discusses that packaging is a means of marketing, which can play a role in protecting the goods and bring about different degrees of environmental pollution. Thus put forward the environmental protection design of commodity packaging. It includes the design of packaging materials, the structural design of products, the environmental protection design of packaging processes, and the environmental protection design and green design for recycling.
Keywords: environmental protection; materials; structure; recycling
Since human society has had the circulation of goods, there has been the existence of packaging. The beginning of the packaging is very simple, such as pots, straw baskets, straw rope, leaves, wooden boxes and so on. The role of packaging at the time was also limited to the protection of goods and ease of transport. With the development of the commodity economy, packaging has become a means of marketing, playing the role of protecting the goods, facilitating transportation, easily identifying, communicating, reflecting culture, and promoting sales. Now, packaging has become an important process that cannot be ignored in the production of products. When people enjoy the convenience, hygiene, safety, and beauty of the packaging that life brings, a crisis is quietly hitting people. The waste of resources and environmental pollution caused by a large amount of packaging waste. According to statistics, the amount of plastic packaging in the world alone reaches more than 30 million tons, while plastic packaging waste accounts for one third of the total. China is the fourth largest plastic producer in the world, with an annual output of 15 million tons. The packaging accounts for 30% of the total. Seventy percent of these plastic packagings are disposable after being used for one-time use. Relevant persons pointed out that in the future, China's packaging waste will increase at a rate of 3% to 5% per year. These wastes will destroy the ecological balance and become a public hazard. The revolution in the world's science and technology has brought about rapid advancement in social productivity. It has produced tremendous material wealth for mankind and brought with it a series of environmental issues. Many global environmental problems such as environmental pollution, depletion of resources, and ecological destruction have constrained the sustainable development of the economy and endangered the long-term interests of mankind. China's 2005 plan has increased its environmental protection efforts. The planning requirements include: reasonably controlling the population, making sustainable and rational use of resources, improving the urban and rural environment and curbing ecological deterioration, and improving the quality and efficiency of economic development. As an industrial sector, the packaging industry also faces environmental and resource issues without exception. Packaging makes it safe to reach consumers, and the credit for packaging is obvious. The problem is not in the packaging, the key is to correctly handle the relationship between packaging and the environment. Here are some aspects to talk about the environmental protection design of packaging products.
First of all, the environmental protection design of commodity packaging should begin with the packaging materials. Environmental protection materials refer to materials that have good environmental compatibility under the premise of meeting general functional requirements. Basic consensus has been reached in the academic and industrial communities that environmental protection materials and their technologies are inevitable trends in material development. Please note the following points when selecting materials.
1) Try to use materials with low energy consumption and low pollution. Paper materials are widely used in the packaging industry. The raw materials of paper are mainly natural plant fibers, which will be rapidly decomposed in the natural environment and cause environmental problems. The pollution level is low, and can be recycled; priority is given to renewable materials such as recycled paper, recycled pulp, recycled plastics, recycled glass, etc. Recycling materials should be used as much as possible to increase resource utilization and achieve sustainable development. Common beer and beverages Glass bottles used in packaging such as soy sauce and vinegar are recycled materials that can be used repeatedly;
2) Select materials with good environmental compatibility and avoid the use of toxic, hazardous, and radioactive materials. The materials used should be easily recycled, reused, remanufactured, or easily degraded. For example, glutinous rice paper used in familiar candy packaging and corn baking and packaging cups for packaging ice cream are typical edible packaging. Such materials are both economical and non-polluting. It can be said that it is worth promoting. The selection of environmentally friendly materials is a prerequisite and key factor in the development of environmentally friendly products. When selecting materials, we must not only consider the function of the packaged products, but also consider the environmental constraints. We should use materials that are non-toxic, non-polluting, easily recycled, and easily degradable, such as Reusable and reusable packaging materials, edible packaging materials, degradable materials, paper materials, etc. In general, cardboard, metal, glass, biodegradable plastics, bamboo, cloth, etc. are all environmental protection materials;
3) The environmental protection design of commodity packaging should take into account the structural design of the product. When packaging design, the packaging structure should be as simple as possible. Excessive packaging of goods not only consumes more materials, but also increases the packaging volume and causes waste of resources. Increasing the amount of urban waste is not conducive to environmental protection. Excessively gorgeous packaging wastes resources and increases environmental pollution. Environmental packaging should try to avoid this situation. For example, moon cake packaging, individual small packaging, combined medium packaging, plus large box packaging, three floors and three outer floors, only a total of 6 to 8 months of cakes are packaged, and the value of the packaging is higher than the value of the goods. Several times the value, such packaging caused by pollution and waste is particularly serious, and today, the promotion of simple moon cake packaging has increasingly adapted to market demand. At the same time, by changing the structure of commodities, the weight of goods can be reduced, the effect of improving and reducing costs can be reduced, and the adverse impact on the environment can be reduced. Of course, it is also possible to increase the internal structural strength of the product package, reduce the risk of breakage of the product during transportation, and reduce the repeated use of packaging materials to reduce the cost of the package.
Third, the environmental protection design of commodity packaging technology and the ways to achieve environmental protection technology mainly include the following aspects.
Change the input method of raw materials, use them locally, reuse the valuable products and recycled products, recycle various materials during the process, change production technology or manufacturing technology, improve process control, and transform existing equipment. Consumption of raw materials, generation of waste, energy consumption, health and safety risks, and damage to ecology are minimized; the use of the natural environment is as far as possible, and environmental assessments of air, soil, water, and waste discharges are conducted, based on relative environmental load. Scale to determine its impact on biodiversity, human health and natural resources.
Fourth, the environmental protection design of recycling, which is a series of problems such as the possibility of recycling of packaging materials, the value of recycling value, and recycling methods in the early stage of packaging design, so as to achieve maximum utilization of packaging materials and energy. And the design ideas and methods that have the least pollution to the environment. Recyclable design includes: recyclable materials and signs, recyclable processes and methods, economic evaluation of recyclability, recyclable structural design, and more. At present, many countries in the world are using direct recycling technology to collect, sort, crush, clean, melt, or directly shape plastic bottles. In order to improve the classification efficiency, the United States developed a plastic bottle automatic delivery system that uses a computer-controlled mechanical device and a fluorescence sensor to automatically detect PVC bottles from mixed bottles of PVC and PET and remove them from the conveyor belt. Environmentalists in China pointed out that the main culprit of “white pollution†is not the lunch boxes and plastic bags themselves, but they are not well recycled. Now some cities in our country have also proposed that whoever produces a disposable lunch box who is responsible for recycling, and has formulated a reward and punishment policy for recycling, which has played a good effect. Some other cities have reclaimed waste plastic packaging into renewable plastics through conversion and recycling technologies for reuse or developed waste plastics refining technologies, which have been well received by the industry. At present, the Chinese government has invested heavily in the planning and construction of garbage collection, sub-refinery and power generation projects, which are of great significance for protecting the ecological environment and sustainable development.
Fifth, the cost analysis of packaging and environmental protection design during use, the cost analysis of environmental protection packaging is different from the traditional packaging cost analysis, it is in the initial stage of product design must consider the performance of product recovery, recycling and other analysis, in addition For enterprises, whether the expenditure on environmental protection will also affect the cost accounting of products, and the actual costs of the same environmental projects in different countries are also different. Therefore, environmental packaging cost analysis should be carried out at the beginning of each design, so as to lower the cost of design packaging. In the course of use, commodities consume resources and burden the environment. Therefore, attention should be paid to the energy consumption and environmental pollution caused by the use of commodities during the product packaging design stage. The design of eco-friendly products should be oriented toward the use of commodities, combined with commodities. The use of features and work methods, the use of advanced technology and technology, improve the design program to minimize the energy consumption of goods in use. There are goods there are packaging, and now more and more countries and regions to promote the environmental protection of packaging design, have promoted the green revolution of the packaging industry, that is, the so-called green design. Green design means that environmental factors and pollution prevention measures are incorporated into the product design at the design stage. Environmental performance is taken as the product's design goal and starting point, and the impact of the product on the environment is minimized. Green packaging design from packaging reduction, ease of disposal, utilization of recycled materials, refilling, returnable use of permanent use, recycling of renewable energy, other energy conservation measures, utilization of natural conservation materials, etc. Green design is promoted, and green packaging is divided into different types and different levels in the form of laws and regulations. Now, many countries and regions have taken effective measures to carry out the green revolution in the packaging industry. Governments and non-governmental organizations in various countries have taken joint actions to jointly prevent environmental pollution in the packaging industry and the entire environmental field, and more and more consumers are interested in buying The "Environmental Protection Mark" products, the international community has also formulated different regulations and policies as well as environmental protection packaging standards, it can be predicted that environmental protection packaging design will be an important trend in the development of the packaging industry. With the reduction of various resources on the earth and the deteriorating living environment, it is imperative to develop environmentally-friendly packaging. Whoever develops environmentally-friendly packaging will have an important position in the packaging market. It can be predicted that the environmental protection design of commodity packaging will surely be the theme of the global packaging industry in the new century, and it is also a significant feature of the development of the packaging industry in the new century.
(Author/Zhu Zonghua Xiong Limei)
On the Environmental Design of Commodity Packaging Process
February 20 22:02:40, 2019
Flower Painting Plates and Dishes,Rural Design Ceramic Tableware,Fine Bone China Dinnerware Set Awalong Ceramics Co., Ltd. , http://www.jnceramic.com